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Fundamental 物理常数 / Naturkonstanten

英语/德语

Exponent (base 10) of decimal numbers: e n = 10^n . Units are separated by spaces, positive numbers denote powers, all units to the right of the slash are in the denominator (negative powers).

普朗克常数 / Plancksches Wirkungsquantum h
    6.6260755e-34
    h/(2 pi) = 1.05457266e-34

波尔兹曼常数 / Boltzmannsche Konstante k_B
     1.380658 e-23 J / K

元电荷 / Elementarladung e
    1.60217733e-19 C

阿佛加德罗数 / Avogadrosche Zahl N_A
     6.0221367e23 particles/mol

光速 / Lichtgeschwindigkeit c
    2.99792458 e8 m / s

Permeability of vacuum / Permeabilitat des Vakuums mu_0
    mu_0 = 4 pi e-7 T2 m3/J
    12.566370614e-7 T2 m3/J

Permittivity of vacuum / Dielektrizitätskonstante des Vakuums epsilon_0
    epsilon_0 = 1 / (mu_0 c^2)
     8.854187817e-12 C2/J m

Fine structure constant / Feinstrukturkonstante 1 / alpha
     137.0359895

电子静止质量 / Elektronenruhemasse m_e
     9.1093897 e-31公斤

质子静止质量 / Protonenruhemasse m_p
    1.6726231 e-27公斤

中子静止质量 / Neutronenruhemasse m_n
     1.6749286 e-27公斤

玻尔磁子 / Bohrsches Magneton mu_B
    mu_B = eh/(4 pi m_e)
     9.2740154 e-24 J / T

核磁子 / Kernmagneton mu_N
    mu_N = eh/(4 pi m_p)
     5.0507866 e-27 J / T

Free electron g factor / g-Faktor des freien Elektrons g_e
    2.002319304386

Free electron gyromagnetic ratio / gyromagnetisches Verhältnis des freien Elektrons gamma_e
     gamma_e = 2 pi g_e mu_B / h
     1.7608592e11 1/s T
    gamma_e /(2π) = 28.024944 GHz / T

Electron magnetic moment / magnetisches Moment des Elektrons mu_e

     mu_e = -(1/2) g_e mu_B
    -9.2847701 e-24 J / T

Proton gyromagnetic ratio (H2O) / gyromagnetisches Verhältnis der Protonen in Wasser gamma_p
    2.67515255e8 1/s T
    gamma_p /(2π) = 42.576375 MHz / T

Proton magnetic moment / magnetisches Moment des Protons mu_p
    1.41060761 e-26 J / T

Proton-electron ratios / Proton-Elektron-Verhältnisse
    m_p/m_e = 1836.152701
    mu_e/mu_p = 658.2106881
    gamma_e / gamma_p = 658.2275841 (protons in water)

Charge-to-mass ratio for electron / Ladungs-Masse-Verhältnis des Elektrons e / m_e
    1.75880 e11 C /公斤

原子质量单位 / Einheit der Atommasse amu
    1.66057e-27 kg

Bohr radius /玻尔舍半径 a_0
    5.29177e-11 m

电子半径 / Elektronenradius r_e
    2.81792e-15 m

气体常数 / Gaskonstante R
     R = N_A k_B
    8.3143 m2 kg/s2 K mol

Molar volume / Molvolumen V_mol
     22.41383立方米/ kmol

法拉第常数 / Faradaysche Konstante F
     F = N_A e
     9.64846 e4 C /摩尔

质子因子 (Lande factor) / g-Faktor des Protons g_H
    5.585

Gravitational constant / Gravitationskonstante G
    6.6732e-11 m3/kg s2

Acceleration due to gravity / Erdbeschleunigung g
    9.80665 m/s2

Compton wavelength of the electron / Compton-Wellenlänge des Elektrons lambda_c
    lambda_c = h / (m_e c)
     2.42631e-12 m

Further Useful Constants / Weitere nützliche Konstanten

原子能单位 / atomare Energieeinheit Hartree
     1 Hartree = e^2 /(4 pi epsilon_0 a_0)
     1哈特里= 2.625501e+06 J/mol (approx. 627.5 kcal/mol)

Useful Conversion Factors / Nützliche Umrechnungsfaktoren

NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance)

Proton Larmor frequency
    nu_p = gamma_p /(2π) B
     nu_p = 42.5764 MHz/T (H2O)

EPR (Electron Paramagnetic Resonance, ESR)

Electron Larmor frequency
    nu_e = gamma_e /(2π) g/g_e B
    nu_e [GHz] = 13.9962 g B[T]
    g = 0.07144775 nu_e[GHz]/B[T]
    g = 3.04199 nu_e[GHz]/nu_p[MHz]
    B [T] = 0.0234872 nu_p[MHz]
单位转换
    1 G = 0.1 mT
    1 T = 10 kG
    1 mT = 10 G
    A[MHz] = 2.80249 (g/g_e) A[G]
    A[MHz] = 28.0249 (g/g_e) A[mT]
    A[MHz] = 13.9962 g A[mT]
    A[MHz] = 2.99792e4 A[1/cm]
    A[1/cm] = 0.333564e-4 A[MHz]
    A[1/cm] = 4.66863e-4 g A[mT]